{"id":7423,"date":"2023-10-10T22:28:08","date_gmt":"2023-10-10T21:28:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ai.ac.rs\/?p=7423"},"modified":"2024-05-28T13:17:25","modified_gmt":"2024-05-28T12:17:25","slug":"caricin-grad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ai.ac.rs\/en\/caricin-grad\/","title":{"rendered":"Cari\u010din Grad"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column width=”1\/3″][vc_single_image image=”5844″ img_size=”full”][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”2\/3″][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1716717705334{padding-top: 20px !important;padding-right: 40px !important;padding-bottom: 30px !important;padding-left: 40px !important;background-color: #f9f9f9 !important;}”]Name of the project: Serbian-French research in the area of Cari\u010din Grad<\/p>\n

Research leaders: Dr. Ivan Bugarski, Dr. Katrin Vanderheide<\/p>\n

Collaborators: Dr. Vujadin Ivani\u0161evi\u0107, academician, Dr. Sonja Jovanovi\u0107, Dr. Vesna Biki\u0107, Dr. Nemanja Markovi\u0107, Dr. Nata\u0161a Miladinovi\u0107-Radmilovi\u0107, Dr. Bernard Bavant, Dr. Vladan Zdravkovi\u0107, Vladimir Stojanovi\u0107<\/p>\n

Institutions involved in the research process:
\nArchaeological Institute; \u00c9cole fran\u00e7aise de Rome (French School at Rome); Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg (University of Strasbourg);
\nCenter national de la recherche scientifique (National Center for Scientific Research); National Museum of Leskovac[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Cari\u010din Grad, a site that most researchers today identify with Justiniana Prima, represents one of the most striking examples of the restoration of Illyricum carried out by Justinian II (527\u2013565). The spirit of that restoration was recorded in the work “On Buildings” by Procopius of Caesarea, which mentions a large number of newly built and renovated fortifications in the area of Illyricum.<\/h3>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Cari\u010din Grad (Justiniana Prima)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_column_text]Part of that sweeping program of reconstruction was also the construction of new urban centers, among which Justiniana Prima stands out. The establishment of a new polis in the poorly urbanized interior of the central Balkans, in the western part of Mediterranean Dacia, on the border with Dardania and outside the main travel routes, is a special act. Its construction can be explained by Emperor Justinian’s will to perpetuate the place of his birth, but also by the need to strengthen the interior by building a new church and administrative center. The new metropolis was destined, according to the emperor’s 11th novella of April 15, 535, to be the seat of the archbishopric and the seat of the prefecture of Illyricum. The rights of the archbishopric were confirmed ten years later, with the 131st amendment dated March 18, 545. The fact that Justiniana Prima is not mentioned as the center of civil power in the later novella is taken to confirm that the seat of the prefect of Illyricum remained in Thessalonica.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_column_text]Cari\u010din Grad represents, as research has shown, a newly built urban center that can be identified with Justinian Prima. This is evidenced by strong fortification systems, a large number of administrative and public buildings, such as thermal baths, basilicas, city squares, wide streets with porticoes, an aqueduct, a cistern, a dam and a number of other objects, discovered during decades of archaeological excavations. The archaeological picture fully corresponds to Procopius’ description of the city: \u00a0In that place, also he constructed an aqueduct and so enabled the city to be abundantly supplied with ever-running water. And many other enterprises were carried out by the founder of this city \u2014 works of great size and worthy of special note. For to enumerate the churches is not easy, and it is impossible to tell in words of the lodgings for magistrates, the great stoas, the fine market-places, the fountains, the streets, the baths, the shops. In brief, the city is both great and populous and blessed in every way \u2014 a city worthy to be the metropolis of the whole region, for it has attained this rank.<\/em> (De<\/em> aedif<\/em>. IV. 20\u201324).[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Research history:<\/p>\n

Vladimir Petkovi\u0107 started exploring the city in 1912, and on that occasion he discovered the remains of the episcopal basilica. Excavations were renewed only in 1936, so by 1940 the Cathedral Basilica, the Baptistry, the Episcopal Complex and the ramparts of the Acropolis were fully discovered, as well as parts of the Upper Town where research was conducted on the Crucifix Church, the Basilica with the Crypt and the Round Square.<\/p>\n

Excavations continued in 1947 and lasted, with short interruptions, until 1970. At that time, parts of the Upper and Lower Town were explored. The managers of the first research campaign were Aleksandar Deroko and Svetozar Radoj\u010di\u0107, while the others were managed by \u0110or\u0111e Mano-Zisi.<\/p>\n

The new cycle of research started in 1975, was expanded in 1978 by the inclusion of French institutions and researchers, which was encouraged by the engagement of Pierre Sebilleau, the then ambassador of the Republic of France in Yugoslavia. The new project included two separate research programs. The first, under the direction of No\u00ebl Duval and Vladislav Popovi\u0107, related to the research and publication of sacral monuments, as well as the publication of previously researched basilicas. The second program, under the direction of Jean-Michel Spieser and Vladimir Kondi\u0107, focused on examining profane buildings. The partners from the French side were the French School in Rome (\u00c9cole fran\u00e7aise de Rome) and the Alfred Merlin Center of the National Center for Scientific Research (Centre Alfred Merlin, Center nationale de la recherche scientifique). As part of the first program, carried out from 1978 to 1984, revisional research was carried out on the monuments on the Acropolis, the Basilica with the transept, the Crucifix Church and the Single-Nave Basilica outside the city.<\/p>\n

As part of the second program, parts of the Principia, an important military institution, were excavated. From 1981 to 2008, with a break from 1991 to 1996, a part of the settlement in the southwestern part of Donji Grad was investigated. Since 1997, the management of the project from the French side has been taken over by Bernard Bavant, from the University of Strasbourg (Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg), and since 1999, from the Serbian side, Vujadin Ivani\u0161evi\u0107 from the Institute of Archaeology in Belgrade.<\/p>\n

The project carried out from 2009 to 2019 was aimed at researching settlements, public buildings and communications on the northern slope of the Upper Town. Research into the Empress’s city gained new momentum in 2014 with the inclusion in a joint project of the R\u00f6misch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum in Mainz (R\u00f6misch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Mainz) and German experts, under the leadership of Rainer Schreg.<\/p>\n

Current research:<\/p>\n

In 2019, a new project was started – the excavation of one of the most significant basilicas in Tsarica’s town, the Tetrakonchos in Lower Town. Since that year, Catherine Vanderheyde of the University of Strasbourg and the National Center for Scientific Research (Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg; CNRS UMR 7044) has taken over the leadership of the French team as part of a research project that is realized in cooperation with Serbian researchers. From 2023, the head of research at the Institute of Archaeology is Dr. Ivan Bugarski.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

\u041e\u0434\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0438\u045b \u0412., \u041f\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0438\u045b \u0412. 1977. \u0426\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d \u0413\u0440\u0430\u0434, \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0440\u0452\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434 \u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0458\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0418\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0443, \u0411\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434.<\/p>\n

Popovi\u0107 V. 1979. La signification historique de l\u2019architecture religieuse de Tsaritchin Grad, XXVI Corso di cultura sull\u2019arte ravennate e bizantina, Ravenna, 249\u2013311.<\/p>\n

Duval N., V. Popovi\u0107 1984. Cari\u010din Grad I : Les basiliques B et J de Cari\u010din Grad, quatre objets remarquables de Cari\u010din Grad, le tr\u00e9sor de Hajdu\u010dka Vodenica, Belgrade – Rome.<\/p>\n

Bavant B., Kondi\u0107 V., Spieser J.-M. 1990. Cari\u010din Grad II : Le quartier sud-ouest de la Ville Haute, Belgrade – Rome.<\/p>\n

Bavant B., Ivani\u0161evi\u0107 V. 2003. Ivstiniana Prima – Cari\u010din Grad, Beograd (Drugo izmenjeno izdanje Leskovac 2006; Tre\u0107e Leskovac 2016).<\/p>\n

Bavant B. 2007. Cari\u010din Grad and the Changes in the Nature of Urbanism in the Central Balkans in the Sixth Century, in: The Transition to Late Antiquity. On the Danube and Beyond, A. Poulter (ed.) (Proceedings of the British Academy, 141), Oxford, 337\u2013374.<\/p>\n

Bavant B., Ivani\u0161evi\u0107 V. 2007. Iustiniana Prima (Cari\u010din Grad) \u2013 eine sp\u00e4tantike Stadt von Reissbrett, In: Roms Erbe auf dem Balkan, U. Brandl, M. Vasi\u0107 (Hrsg.), Mainz am Rhein, 108\u2013129.<\/p>\n

Duval N., Popovi\u0107 V. 2010. Cari\u010din Grad III: L’Acropole et ses monuments (cath\u00e9drale, baptist\u00e8re et b\u00e2timents annexes), Collection de l’\u00c9cole fran\u00e7aise de Rome 75\/3, \u00c9cole fran\u00e7aise de Rome\u00a0; Institut arch\u00e9ologique de Belgrade,\u00a0Rome – Belgrade.<\/p>\n

Ivani\u0161evi\u0107 V. 2010. Cari\u010din Grad \u2013 The fortifications and the intramural housing in the Lower town, In: Byzanz \u2013 das R\u00f6merreich im Mittelalter, Teil 2.2, \u00a0F. Daim, J. Drauschke (eds.), Mainz, 747\u2013775.<\/p>\n

Ivani\u0161evi\u0107 V. 2016. Cari\u010din Grad (Justiniana Prima): A New-Discovered City for a \u2018New\u2019 Society, Proceedings of the 23rd International Congress of Byzantine Studies, Belgrade, 22\u201327 August 2016, Plenary papers, S. Marjanovi\u0107-Du\u0161ani\u0107 (ed.), Belgrade, 107\u2013126.<\/p>\n

\u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0432\u0438\u045b \u0412., \u0411\u0443\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0418., \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u045b \u0410. 2016. \u041d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u045a\u0430 \u043e \u0443\u0440\u0431\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0443 \u0426\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0433 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430: \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0435 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0435, \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440 66, 143\u2013160.<\/p>\n

Ivani\u0161evi\u0107 V. 2017. Une capitale revisit\u00e9e: Cari\u010din Grad (Justiniana Prima), Comptes rendus des s\u00e9ances de l’Acad\u00e9mie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres 2017\/I, 93\u2013114.<\/p>\n

Baron H., Reuter A. E., Markovi\u0107 N. 2018. Rethinking ruralization in terms of resilience: Subsistence strategies in sixth-century Cari\u010din Grad in the light of plant and animal bone finds, Quaternary International XXX, 1\u201317.<\/p>\n

Ivani\u0161evi\u0107 V., Bugarski I., Stamenkovi\u0107 S. 2019. The Outer Forts of Caricin Grad: Visualisation of Digital Terrain Models and Interpretation, Starinar LXIX, 297\u2013317.<\/p>\n

Bavant B., Ivani\u0161evi\u0107 V. 2019. Cari\u010din Grad IV. Catalogue des objets des fouilles anciennes et autres \u00e9tudes, Collection de l’\u00c9cole fran\u00e7aise de Rome 75\/4, \u00c9cole fran\u00e7aise de Rome; Institut arch\u00e9ologique de Belgrade,\u00a0Rome – Belgrade.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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\t\t\t\t\tDr Vesna Biki\u0107<\/a>\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Interests and methodology of research   Dr Vesna Biki\u0107 has, from 1993, been dedicated to the studies of the Middle Ages period processes of settlements and burial customs, with a specific focus on the studies of material culture, particularly ceramics and jewellery. Dr Biki\u0107 studies different phenomena from the Byzantine, European Middle Ages period and Ottoman […]<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t

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\t\t\t\t\tDr Nata\u0161a Miladinovi\u0107-Radmilovi\u0107<\/a>\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Interests and methodology of research   Dr Nata\u0161a Miladinovi\u0107 Radmilovi\u0107 has, from 2000, been dedicated to the research of human osteological material from archaeological localities: Sirmium, Timacum Minus, Naissus, Iustiniana Prima, Romuliana, Viminacium, Singidunum, and the Belgrade and Smederevo Fortresses; monasteries of Manasija, Banjska, Studenica, etc.; and the localities of Bor Lake, Mala Kopa\u0161nica, Rudnik, Bubanj, […]<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t

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\t\t\t\t\tDr Ivan Bugarski<\/a>\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Interests and methodology of research   Dr Ivan Bugarski has been employed at the Institute of Archaeology since 2002. He researches several topics, from Late Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages. Dr Bugarski is particularly dedicated to the Migration period and archaeology of the Avars. As a long-term associate in the research of the Cari\u010din Grad […]<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t

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[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Interests and methodology of research   Since 2005, Dr Sonja Jovanovi\u0107 has been dedicated to the studies of the Roman and Early Byzantine periods, through research of settlement and urbanisation processes, and burial customs and material culture, particularly coinage and glass. Since 2008, Dr Jovanovi\u0107 has focused on studies of Late Roman and Early Byzantine glass, […]<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t

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[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Interests and methodology of research   The scientific interests of Dr Nemanja Markovi\u0107 are in a wide context, focused on the analysis of animal skeletal remains from archaeological localities. The focus of Dr Markovi\u0107\u2019s research can be divided into two main directions: reconstruction of the interaction between people and animals in the past, mainly in historic […]<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t

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Cari\u010din Grad, a site that most researchers today identify with Justiniana Prima, represents one of the most striking examples of the restoration of Illyricum carried out by Justinian II (527\u2013565). 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